Review of Channel Measurements and Modeling for Successful 5G System Deployments

Akorede Kola-Jnr; Francis Ibikunle; Ariba Folashade Olamide; Bright Unaegbu; Olubiyi Joshua; Adedire Collins

doi:doi:10.11648/j.wcmc.20241102.12

Review Article |

| Peer-Reviewed

Review of Channel Measurements and Modeling for Successful 5G System Deployments

Akorede Kola-Jnr

, Francis Ibikunle^*

, Ariba Folashade Olamide

, Bright Unaegbu, Olubiyi Joshua, Adedire Collins

Published in International Journal of Wireless Communications and Mobile Computing (Volume 11, Issue 2)

Received: 5 August 2024 Accepted: 27 August 2024 Published: 20 September 2024

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Abstract

The deployment of 5G wireless networks has enabled the investigation of numerous potential applications across a variety of sectors. To enhance the efficiency of 5G systems, it is imperative to have a thorough understanding of millimeter-wave wireless channels, different multi-access techniques, massive MIMO technologies, beamforming, modulation, and coding. Adjusting the channel modeling approach to accommodate specific characteristics of the deployment site, such as geographical obstructions like hills, tunnels, road infrastructure, and mountains, may prove to be crucial. This review paper delves into the challenges associated with channel modeling, underscoring the importance of multipath components and the diverse measurement techniques required for enhancing 5G communication. Additionally, it delves into the complexities of accurately depicting the behavior of wireless channels in various scenarios and assesses the key factors that could significantly affect the functionality of 5G networks across different environments. For instance, it becomes clear that indoor channels provide a greater impediment than outdoor channels because barriers such as walls, furniture, and human activities can impede signal transmission and interrupt communication. Indoor channels display complex characteristics that include fluctuations in the angles at which signals arrive, transmission of numerous signals over different paths, and a wide range of scattering qualities that are specific to indoor environments. Hence, it is crucial to modify the measurement procedures to correspond to the unique characteristics of indoor channels. Indoor wireless communication relies on channels available both within and outside the structure. Evaluation aspects such as, macroscopic fading, microscopic fading, and shadow fading are critical because these elements have a significant impact on the channel capacity.

Published in	International Journal of Wireless Communications and Mobile Computing (Volume 11, Issue 2)
DOI	10.11648/j.wcmc.20241102.12
Page(s)	31-38
Creative Commons	This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, provided the original work is properly cited.
Copyright	Copyright © The Author(s), 2024. Published by Science Publishing Group

Keywords

Millimeter Wave, 5G, Massive Multiple Inputs Multiple Outputs, Beamforming, Angle of Arrival, Angle of Departure, High Speed Train, Vehicle-2-Vehicle

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APA Style

Kola-Jnr, A., Ibikunle, F., Olamide, A. F., Unaegbu, B., Joshua, O., et al. (2024). Review of Channel Measurements and Modeling for Successful 5G System Deployments. International Journal of Wireless Communications and Mobile Computing, 11(2), 31-38. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.wcmc.20241102.12

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ACS Style

Kola-Jnr, A.; Ibikunle, F.; Olamide, A. F.; Unaegbu, B.; Joshua, O., et al. Review of Channel Measurements and Modeling for Successful 5G System Deployments. Int. J. Wirel. Commun. Mobile Comput. 2024, 11(2), 31-38. doi: 10.11648/j.wcmc.20241102.12

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AMA Style

Kola-Jnr A, Ibikunle F, Olamide AF, Unaegbu B, Joshua O, et al. Review of Channel Measurements and Modeling for Successful 5G System Deployments. Int J Wirel Commun Mobile Comput. 2024;11(2):31-38. doi: 10.11648/j.wcmc.20241102.12

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@article{10.11648/j.wcmc.20241102.12,
  author = {Akorede Kola-Jnr and Francis Ibikunle and Ariba Folashade Olamide and Bright Unaegbu and Olubiyi Joshua and Adedire Collins},
  title = {Review of Channel Measurements and Modeling for Successful 5G System Deployments
},
  journal = {International Journal of Wireless Communications and Mobile Computing},
  volume = {11},
  number = {2},
  pages = {31-38},
  doi = {10.11648/j.wcmc.20241102.12},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.wcmc.20241102.12},
  eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.wcmc.20241102.12},
  abstract = {The deployment of 5G wireless networks has enabled the investigation of numerous potential applications across a variety of sectors. To enhance the efficiency of 5G systems, it is imperative to have a thorough understanding of millimeter-wave wireless channels, different multi-access techniques, massive MIMO technologies, beamforming, modulation, and coding. Adjusting the channel modeling approach to accommodate specific characteristics of the deployment site, such as geographical obstructions like hills, tunnels, road infrastructure, and mountains, may prove to be crucial. This review paper delves into the challenges associated with channel modeling, underscoring the importance of multipath components and the diverse measurement techniques required for enhancing 5G communication. Additionally, it delves into the complexities of accurately depicting the behavior of wireless channels in various scenarios and assesses the key factors that could significantly affect the functionality of 5G networks across different environments. For instance, it becomes clear that indoor channels provide a greater impediment than outdoor channels because barriers such as walls, furniture, and human activities can impede signal transmission and interrupt communication. Indoor channels display complex characteristics that include fluctuations in the angles at which signals arrive, transmission of numerous signals over different paths, and a wide range of scattering qualities that are specific to indoor environments. Hence, it is crucial to modify the measurement procedures to correspond to the unique characteristics of indoor channels. Indoor wireless communication relies on channels available both within and outside the structure. Evaluation aspects such as, macroscopic fading, microscopic fading, and shadow fading are critical because these elements have a significant impact on the channel capacity.
},
 year = {2024}
}

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TY  - JOUR
T1  - Review of Channel Measurements and Modeling for Successful 5G System Deployments

AU  - Akorede Kola-Jnr
AU  - Francis Ibikunle
AU  - Ariba Folashade Olamide
AU  - Bright Unaegbu
AU  - Olubiyi Joshua
AU  - Adedire Collins
Y1  - 2024/09/20
PY  - 2024
N1  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.wcmc.20241102.12
DO  - 10.11648/j.wcmc.20241102.12
T2  - International Journal of Wireless Communications and Mobile Computing
JF  - International Journal of Wireless Communications and Mobile Computing
JO  - International Journal of Wireless Communications and Mobile Computing
SP  - 31
EP  - 38
PB  - Science Publishing Group
SN  - 2330-1015
UR  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.wcmc.20241102.12
AB  - The deployment of 5G wireless networks has enabled the investigation of numerous potential applications across a variety of sectors. To enhance the efficiency of 5G systems, it is imperative to have a thorough understanding of millimeter-wave wireless channels, different multi-access techniques, massive MIMO technologies, beamforming, modulation, and coding. Adjusting the channel modeling approach to accommodate specific characteristics of the deployment site, such as geographical obstructions like hills, tunnels, road infrastructure, and mountains, may prove to be crucial. This review paper delves into the challenges associated with channel modeling, underscoring the importance of multipath components and the diverse measurement techniques required for enhancing 5G communication. Additionally, it delves into the complexities of accurately depicting the behavior of wireless channels in various scenarios and assesses the key factors that could significantly affect the functionality of 5G networks across different environments. For instance, it becomes clear that indoor channels provide a greater impediment than outdoor channels because barriers such as walls, furniture, and human activities can impede signal transmission and interrupt communication. Indoor channels display complex characteristics that include fluctuations in the angles at which signals arrive, transmission of numerous signals over different paths, and a wide range of scattering qualities that are specific to indoor environments. Hence, it is crucial to modify the measurement procedures to correspond to the unique characteristics of indoor channels. Indoor wireless communication relies on channels available both within and outside the structure. Evaluation aspects such as, macroscopic fading, microscopic fading, and shadow fading are critical because these elements have a significant impact on the channel capacity.

VL  - 11
IS  - 2
ER  -

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Author Information

Akorede Kola-Jnr

Electrical and Information Engineering, Land-Mark University, OmuAran, Nigeria

Contact Email

http://orcid.org/0009-0009-3200-9265
Francis Ibikunle

Electrical and Electronics Engineering, Hensard University, Toru Orua, Bayelsa, Nigeria

Contact Email

http://orcid.org/0000-0003-0855-8853
Ariba Folashade Olamide

Electrical and Information Engineering, Land-Mark University, OmuAran, Nigeria

Contact Email

http://orcid.org/0009-0001-7566-7200
Bright Unaegbu

Electrical and Information Engineering, Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile-Ife, Nigeria

Contact Email
Olubiyi Joshua

Electrical and Information Engineering, Land-Mark University, OmuAran, Nigeria

Contact Email
Adedire Collins

Electrical and Information Engineering, Land-Mark University, OmuAran, Nigeria

Contact Email

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Plain Text BibTeX RIS

APA Style

Kola-Jnr, A., Ibikunle, F., Olamide, A. F., Unaegbu, B., Joshua, O., et al. (2024). Review of Channel Measurements and Modeling for Successful 5G System Deployments. International Journal of Wireless Communications and Mobile Computing, 11(2), 31-38. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.wcmc.20241102.12

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ACS Style

Kola-Jnr, A.; Ibikunle, F.; Olamide, A. F.; Unaegbu, B.; Joshua, O., et al. Review of Channel Measurements and Modeling for Successful 5G System Deployments. Int. J. Wirel. Commun. Mobile Comput. 2024, 11(2), 31-38. doi: 10.11648/j.wcmc.20241102.12

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AMA Style

Kola-Jnr A, Ibikunle F, Olamide AF, Unaegbu B, Joshua O, et al. Review of Channel Measurements and Modeling for Successful 5G System Deployments. Int J Wirel Commun Mobile Comput. 2024;11(2):31-38. doi: 10.11648/j.wcmc.20241102.12

Copy | Download

@article{10.11648/j.wcmc.20241102.12,
  author = {Akorede Kola-Jnr and Francis Ibikunle and Ariba Folashade Olamide and Bright Unaegbu and Olubiyi Joshua and Adedire Collins},
  title = {Review of Channel Measurements and Modeling for Successful 5G System Deployments
},
  journal = {International Journal of Wireless Communications and Mobile Computing},
  volume = {11},
  number = {2},
  pages = {31-38},
  doi = {10.11648/j.wcmc.20241102.12},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.wcmc.20241102.12},
  eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.wcmc.20241102.12},
  abstract = {The deployment of 5G wireless networks has enabled the investigation of numerous potential applications across a variety of sectors. To enhance the efficiency of 5G systems, it is imperative to have a thorough understanding of millimeter-wave wireless channels, different multi-access techniques, massive MIMO technologies, beamforming, modulation, and coding. Adjusting the channel modeling approach to accommodate specific characteristics of the deployment site, such as geographical obstructions like hills, tunnels, road infrastructure, and mountains, may prove to be crucial. This review paper delves into the challenges associated with channel modeling, underscoring the importance of multipath components and the diverse measurement techniques required for enhancing 5G communication. Additionally, it delves into the complexities of accurately depicting the behavior of wireless channels in various scenarios and assesses the key factors that could significantly affect the functionality of 5G networks across different environments. For instance, it becomes clear that indoor channels provide a greater impediment than outdoor channels because barriers such as walls, furniture, and human activities can impede signal transmission and interrupt communication. Indoor channels display complex characteristics that include fluctuations in the angles at which signals arrive, transmission of numerous signals over different paths, and a wide range of scattering qualities that are specific to indoor environments. Hence, it is crucial to modify the measurement procedures to correspond to the unique characteristics of indoor channels. Indoor wireless communication relies on channels available both within and outside the structure. Evaluation aspects such as, macroscopic fading, microscopic fading, and shadow fading are critical because these elements have a significant impact on the channel capacity.
},
 year = {2024}
}

Copy | Download

TY  - JOUR
T1  - Review of Channel Measurements and Modeling for Successful 5G System Deployments

AU  - Akorede Kola-Jnr
AU  - Francis Ibikunle
AU  - Ariba Folashade Olamide
AU  - Bright Unaegbu
AU  - Olubiyi Joshua
AU  - Adedire Collins
Y1  - 2024/09/20
PY  - 2024
N1  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.wcmc.20241102.12
DO  - 10.11648/j.wcmc.20241102.12
T2  - International Journal of Wireless Communications and Mobile Computing
JF  - International Journal of Wireless Communications and Mobile Computing
JO  - International Journal of Wireless Communications and Mobile Computing
SP  - 31
EP  - 38
PB  - Science Publishing Group
SN  - 2330-1015
UR  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.wcmc.20241102.12
AB  - The deployment of 5G wireless networks has enabled the investigation of numerous potential applications across a variety of sectors. To enhance the efficiency of 5G systems, it is imperative to have a thorough understanding of millimeter-wave wireless channels, different multi-access techniques, massive MIMO technologies, beamforming, modulation, and coding. Adjusting the channel modeling approach to accommodate specific characteristics of the deployment site, such as geographical obstructions like hills, tunnels, road infrastructure, and mountains, may prove to be crucial. This review paper delves into the challenges associated with channel modeling, underscoring the importance of multipath components and the diverse measurement techniques required for enhancing 5G communication. Additionally, it delves into the complexities of accurately depicting the behavior of wireless channels in various scenarios and assesses the key factors that could significantly affect the functionality of 5G networks across different environments. For instance, it becomes clear that indoor channels provide a greater impediment than outdoor channels because barriers such as walls, furniture, and human activities can impede signal transmission and interrupt communication. Indoor channels display complex characteristics that include fluctuations in the angles at which signals arrive, transmission of numerous signals over different paths, and a wide range of scattering qualities that are specific to indoor environments. Hence, it is crucial to modify the measurement procedures to correspond to the unique characteristics of indoor channels. Indoor wireless communication relies on channels available both within and outside the structure. Evaluation aspects such as, macroscopic fading, microscopic fading, and shadow fading are critical because these elements have a significant impact on the channel capacity.

VL  - 11
IS  - 2
ER  -

Copy | Download